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Good morning. It's Wednesday, April 23, and we're covering a restructuring of America's oldest executive agency, a lowered growth outlook for the US economy, and much more. First time reading? Join over 4 million intellectually curious readers. Sign up here.

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Need To Know
 

State Department Overhaul

Secretary of State Marco Rubio announced a reorganization of the State Department yesterday, calling for a 15% reduction in force across the US (roughly 2,000 positions) and consolidation of more than 100 offices worldwide. An internal working group is tasked with executing the plan by July 1. 

 

The 132 offices slated to be cut represent roughly 18% of the State Department’s offices. They include offices related to women’s issues, criminal justice, and promoting democracy. Two offices will be added: one focusing on cybersecurity and artificial intelligence, and another to coordinate aid programs that remain following the dismantling of the US Agency for International Development. Regional bureaus will not be affected, including the Bureau of African Affairs, despite an earlier report.

 

The overhaul is part of the Trump administration's aim to downsize the federal government and reduce the national debt. The State Department is the oldest executive agency (see overview), with a $63.5B budget for FY2025. Explore more on the nation’s $36.2T debt here.

 

Mahmoud v. Taylor

The Supreme Court heard arguments yesterday in a case that will determine whether parents of public schoolchildren have a constitutional right to opt their kids out of lessons featuring LGBTQ characters and themes.

 

The challenge comes from a group of Muslim, Catholic, and Ukrainian Orthodox parents who say Maryland’s Montgomery County Public Schools violated their First Amendment rights by refusing to allow exemptions from lessons they believe conflict with their religious views. The district—the most religiously diverse in the US—introduced the books in 2022 to reflect its diverse student body, initially allowing opt-outs but later ending the policy, citing disruptions to classroom instruction.

 

Lower courts ruled in favor of the district, finding exposure to the books does not coerce children to abandon their religious beliefs and that parents remain free to teach their values at home. The Supreme Court’s decision is expected later this year. 

 

Separately, a federal appeals court is weighing the Pentagon’s ban on transgender individuals from serving openly in the military.

 

Global Growth Slowdown

The International Monetary Fund yesterday lowered its 2025 growth outlook for the US and the global economy, citing heightened uncertainty and economic disruption caused by President Donald Trump’s sweeping new tariffs. 

 

The IMF (see overview) trimmed the 2025 US growth estimate to 1.8% from 2.7%, the largest reduction among the world's advanced economies, and cut the global growth forecast to 2.8% from 3.3%. The fund cautioned the trade policy climate and ongoing conflicts between the US and other tariff-hit countries are discouraging investment and spending. US inflation is now predicted to reach 3% this year, one percentage point higher than the IMF’s January projection, while the risk of a US recession has increased to 40%, up from 25% in October. 

 

Separately, the White House signaled trade tensions with China could cool, while businesses continued to announce investments in the US, including yogurt maker Chobani, which plans to invest at least $1.2B in New York, and Swiss pharma giant Roche, which aims to invest $50B over the next five years. 

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In The Know
 

Sports, Entertainment, & Culture

> WWE's WrestleMania 41, which was broadcast on Peacock and Netflix over two nights, saw 114% increase in viewership over 2024's event (More) | Professional wrestling 101 (More)

> Mike Patrick, play-by-play commentator and voice of ESPN's "Sunday Night Football" for 18 seasons, dies at age 80 (More) | NCAA conditionally approves rule to allow direct payment to athletes, pending House of Representatives settlement (More)

> "60 Minutes" executive producer Bill Owens resigns after 37 years with CBS News, citing inability to make "independent decisions" about the show's programming (More) | Former Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin (R) loses retrial of defamation lawsuit against The New York Times (More)

Country Music: From its roots in Colonial America to the Grand Ole Opry, explore the genre in this week's 1440 Society & Culture newsletter

 

Science & Technology

> Astronomers discover rapidly disintegrating planet, producing a comet-like tail as it orbits; Mercury-sized planet loses amount of material equivalent to Mount Everest roughly every 30 hours (More

> Genomic analysis reveals 60-million-year evolutionary history of domesticated and wild apples; results may lead to more resilient and flavorful varieties (More

> Study of 2016 bird flu strain reveals the virus was a single mutation from being able to bind to receptors in human cells, becoming much more transmissible; variant is no longer in circulation (More) | How zoonotic diseases work (More)

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Business & Markets

> US stock markets close higher (S&P 500 +2.5%, Dow +2.7%, Nasdaq +2.7%) after US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent said trade talks with China will likely lead to de-escalation (More

> Tesla reports 20% drop in auto revenue as Q1 results miss estimates; company reports $409M in net income on $19.3B in revenue, a 71% drop in profit from same period last year (More) | Everything you want to know about Tesla (More) | Elon Musk says he will scale back DOGE work starting in May (More

> Boeing to sell parts of its digital aviation business to private equity firm Thoma Bravo in all-cash deal valued at over $10B (More) | RTX and GE Aerospace expect estimated $850M and $500M losses from US import tariffs, respectively (More

National Debt: We're taking a hard look at how the US found itself $37T in debt. Click here to get the 1440 Business & Finance newsletter.  

 

Politics & World Affairs

> Food and Drug Administration to phase out the use of eight petroleum-based artificial dyes from US food supplies and medications by end of 2026; comes three months after the FDA ordered a ban on Red Dye No. 3 by January 2027 (More)

> Three federal prosecutors who worked on now-dropped criminal corruption case against New York City Mayor Eric Adams (D) resign, say they won't admit to any wrongdoing as a condition for their reinstatement from administrative leave (More)

> At least 26 tourists at a resort in Indian-controlled Kashmir killed after gunmen open fire in region known for separatist violence; India and Pakistan divided control of the Kashmir region in 1947, but both claim the entire territory (More)

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Top U.S. Homebuilder Backs Industry Disruptor

 

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A new home can roll off BOXABL’s assembly lines in ~4 hours. Even better? These homes are foldable, compact enough to be shipped via pickup truck. With 600+ homes built and one of the top homebuilders in America joining as an investor, BOXABL’s already transforming home construction. Join them for just $0.80/share.*

Please support our sponsors!

Etcetera
 

New study finds chimps sharing alcoholic drink.

 

"Please" and "thank you" in ChatGPT cost OpenAI millions.

 

Why Finland tops the world's happiest countries list.

 

See photos of the UK's largest self-build town.

 

The 77-year-old as fit as a 25-year-old.

 

How to delete yourself from the internet.

 

Rare smiley face to appear in night sky this week.

 

Enjoy photos from the 2025 Corgi Derby.

 

Clickbait: A quicksand romance.

 

Historybook: English playwright William Shakespeare dies (1616); Hollywood legend and diplomat Shirley Temple born (1928); American punk rock band Ramones release first album (1976); Workers’ rights leader Cesar Chavez dies (1993); The first video is uploaded on YouTube (2005).

"Be brave and clear. Follow your heart and don't be overly influenced by outside factors. Be true to yourself."

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